Myocardial Infarction - An agonizing malady

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Commonly known as heart attack; Myocardial Infarction is one of the predominant Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).CVDs are often defined as physical conditions, concerned with the heart or blood vessels. They are the primary cause of deaths all across the world; causing nearly 30% of the world’s total deaths out of which 85% are only due to Myocardial Infarction (MI) and Cerebrovascular Accident (CA) commonly known as Stroke.


Heart Attack is the most common
 cause of death in the world followed by Stroke


So, What triggers a Heart attack? A heart attack is chiefly caused due to the blockage of coronary arteries. As the coronary arteries provide oxygenated blood to the Cardiac muscles, there is a cut-off in the supply of Oxygen which leads to Atherosclerosis or Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) which ultimately leads to a heart attack. Such a condition arises when there is a plaque build-up in the arteries due to congestion of fatty deposits such as Cholesterol. Attacks can also be caused due to blood clots or torn blood vessels.

 

What are the symptoms of a heart attack? Common symptoms include a strong pain in the chest, Dizziness, Fatigue, General discomfort, Shortness of breath, and/or Cold perspiration.

How are heart attacks detected? An attack is diagnosed with the help of an Electrocardiogram (ECG) in the very first place. Blood tests may also be done to look for traces of proteins or enzymes which leak from a damaged heart.

 Surgical treatments of a heart attack include Angioplasty and Stenting, Heart Bypass Surgery, etc. Angioplasty is done by using a balloon that inflates and widens the area of blockage in the artery to ensure improved blood flow or by clearing the plaque build-up. Stenting is the process by which a stent (a wired tube) is entered in the widened area to keep it open after Angioplasty. Heart bypass surgery is done to divert and retrace the path of the blood from the blockage.


The process of Angioplasty

 

How is a heart attack different from a cardiac arrest? People often confuse themselves between heart attack and cardiac arrest and tend to comprehend both of them as the same condition. NO! That is a completely wrong perception. A heart attack is the stoppage of blood flow in the blood vessels. On the other hand, A cardiac arrest is the sudden stoppage of the beating of the heart. A heart attack may lead to a Cardiac arrest due to Arrhythmia.

To prevent heart attacks, one must avoid leading a sedentary life, Quit smoking, Limit the intake of alcohol, Keep blood pressure under control, and Exercise regularly.

 

 

 

 

INDEX:

Myocardial Infarction – A term used for heart attack

Cerebrovascular Accident – A term used for stroke

Atherosclerosis – blockage of blood in blood vessels due to plaque build-up; also known as Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)

Cholesterol – A waxy, fatty substance found in the blood

Electrocardiogram – a diagnostic test that is used to detect the electrical activity of the heartbeat; abbreviated as ECG or EKG

Arrhythmia – A condition in which the heartbeats irregularly; either too fast (Tachycardia) or too slow (Bradycardia).

 

Do check out the website of Edixite for more information about our organisation : https://edixite.wixsite.com/edixite


Bibliography:

https://www.healthline.com

https://www.mayoclinic.org

https://www.bhf.org.uk/informationsupport/heart-matters-magazine

https://www.amazon.in/Frank-New-Certificate-Biology-Class/dp/B015OG9L0Y

https://pathologia.ed.ac.uk/topic/myocardial-infarction/

https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/arrhythmia


- Abhineeth Banerjee, Team Edixite

 

Comments

  1. AnonymousApril 9, 2022 at 11:51 AM

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